Centos7.1 for MySQL5.6.30源码安装及多实例配置

预备工作：

OS：Centos7.1

DATABASE:mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

1.创建mysql帐号

创建用户和用户组

[root@localhost~]#groupaddmysql
[root@localhost~]#useradd-gmysqlmysql
[root@localhost~]#passwdmysql

2.验证安装包

解压mysql源码包mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

[root@localhost~]#mkdir-p/opt/mysql-5.6/
[root@localhost~]#tarzxvfmysql-5.6.30.tar.gz-C/opt/mysql-5.6
[root@localhost~]#cd/opt/mysql-5.6/

验证之前是否安装过mysql，若存在mysql相关包，则rpm -e逐个删除（建议先删devel包，再mysql包，最后强制删除libs包）

[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#rpm-qa|grepmysql

再验证以下编译必备安装包是否安装：

gcc*,gcc-c++*,cmake，autoconf*,automake*,zlib*,ncurses-devel*,libtool*,bison

当缺少相关安装包时，需要通过rpm -ivh ***.rpm或yum install RPM_NAME安装

3.源码编译过程

[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#cmake.
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6#安装目录
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1#支持InnoDB引擎
-DWITH-READLINE=1#支持快捷键
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all#安装所有字符集
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1#从本地导入数据
-DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1#编译EmbeddedMysql库
-DWITH_SSL=bundled#
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8#默认字符集
[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#make
[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#makeinstall
[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#ln-s/usr/local/mysql-5.6/usr/local/mysql

4.创建mysql数据目录及/etc/my.cnf

数据存放目录，默认为basedir下的data目录（实际场景下，建议mount专用盘作为data）：

[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#cd/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhostmysql]#mkdir-p/opt/mysql/data1
[root@localhostmysql]#chown-Rmysql.mysql/opt/mysql
[root@localhostmysql]#vi/etc/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]
user=mysql
nice=0

[mysqld]
port=3306
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid
socket=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data1/
tmpdir=/opt/mysql/data1/
log-error=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log
log_bin=/opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet=16M
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

4.初始化mysql

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhostmysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
[root@localhostmysql]#./bin/mysql_secure_installation

5.将mysql服务加入init.d管理

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhostmysql]#cp/bin/mysql.service/etc/init.d/mysql
[root@localhostmysql]#chkconfig--addmysql
[root@localhostmysql]#chkconfigmysqlon
[root@localhostmysql]#chkconfig--list

同时更改环境变量 vi ~/.bash_profile,在PATH变量后添加:/usr/local/mysql/bin

6.启动mysql服务的几种方式

mysqld与mysqld_safe的区别在于mysqld_safe宕机后仍能重启

[root@localhostmysql]#servicemysqlstart

[root@localhostmysql]#mysqld_safe--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf&

[root@localhostmysql]#mysqld--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf&

Mysql多实例安装

上述1-6主要安装了使用3306端口的实例，我们同样可以生成其他端口的实例。这里我们通过以下步骤安装3310端口的MySQL实例。

1.创建使用3310端口的mysql数据目录及/etc/my3310.cnf

[root@localhostmysql-5.6]#cd/usr/local/mysql
[root@localhostmysql]#mkdir-p/opt/mysql/data2
[root@localhostmysql]#vi/etc/my3010.cnf
[client]
port=3310
socket=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]
user=mysql
nice=0

[mysqld]
port=3310
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid
socket=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data2/
tmpdir=/opt/mysql/data2/
log-error=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log
log_bin=/opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet=16M
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

2.初始化使用3310端口的mysql

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhostmysql]#./scripts/mysql_install_db--defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf
[root@localhostmysql]#./bin/mysql_secure_installation--defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf

3.编辑多实例mysql的配置文件

[root@localhostmysql]#vi/etc/mysql_multi.cnf

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin


[mysqld3306]

port=3306
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid
socket=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data1/
tmpdir=/opt/mysql/data1/
log-error=/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log
log_bin=/opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqld3310]
[client]
port=3310
socket=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]
user=mysql
nice=0

[mysqld]
port=3310
pid-file=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid
socket=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/opt/mysql/data2/
tmpdir=/opt/mysql/data2/
log-error=/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log
slow_query_log=1
slow_query_log_file=/opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log
log_bin=/opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log


[mysqldump]
quick
quote-names
max_allowed_packet=16M
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

4.启动mysql多实例

[root@localhostmysql]#mysqld_multi--defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnfstart3306
[root@localhostmysql]#mysqld_multi--defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnfstart3310